The energy (E 2) required to remove the second electron is E 2 = 54.4 eV, as would be expected by modeling it after the hydrogen energy levels. The energy ( E 1) required to remove one of them is the highest ionization energy of any atom in the periodic table: E 1 = 24.6 electron volts. Moreover in “User Kaliambos” you can see my new paper of 2008.Īccording to the experiments the helium ground state consists of two identical 1s electrons with a ground state energy E(He) = -79 eV. So it was my paper of 2008, which supplied the clue that resolved this puzzle.įor understanding better such ionization energies see also my papers about the explanation of ionization energies of elements in my FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS CONCEPTS. It is of interest to note that the discovery of the electron spin by Uhlenbeck and Goudsmit (1925) showed that the peripheral velocity of a spinning electron is greater than the speed of light, which is responsible for understanding the electromagnetic interaction of two electrons of opposite spin. Though such properties were modified by the periodic table initially proposed by the Russian chemist Mendeleev the reason of this subject of ionizations of elements remained obscure under the influence of the invalid theory of special relativity. Indeed, despite the enormous success of the Bohr model and the quantum mechanics of Schrodinger in explaining the principal features of the hydrogen spectrum and of other one-electron atomic systems, so far neither was able to provide a satisfactory explanation of ionizations of elements related to the chemical properties of atoms. It is well known that the energy of 13.6 eV is given by applying the Bohr formula, while for the first ionization energy of 24.6 eV of helium so far no one was able to formulate any successful formula.
The value of the first ionization energy (24.6 eV) of helium is much higher than hydrogen (13.6 eV). It is close to the nucleus and unscreened. The electron is being removed from the same orbital as in hydrogen's case. Kaliambos ( Natural Philosopher in New Energy)Īfter my published paper "Spin-spin interactions of electrons and also of nucleons create atomic molecular end nuclear structures" (2008) today it is well known that the correct electron configuration of Helium atom should be given by this image including the following electron configuration: 1s 2.
0 kommentar(er)
